What are the common physical LAN topologies?
In a local area network (LAN), the physical topology refers to the physical layout of the network, including the physical connections between devices and the way data is transmitted. There are several common physical LAN topologies:
- Bus topology: All devices are connected to a single cable, called a bus. Data is transmitted in both directions on the cable, and all devices can access the data.
- Ring topology: Devices are connected in a closed loop, forming a ring. Data travels in one direction around the ring, and each device has two connections to the ring.
- Star topology: All devices are connected to a central device, called a hub or switch. Data is transmitted from the central device to the individual devices.
- Tree topology: Similar to a star topology, but with multiple layers of hubs or switches. The top-level hub or switch is connected to lower-level hubs or switches, which are in turn connected to individual devices.
- Mesh topology: Each device is connected to multiple other devices, forming a fully connected network. Data can be transmitted between any two devices in the network.
The choice of physical topology depends on factors such as the network size, the desired performance, and the cost.
FAQs
- What are the advantages of a bus topology? It is simple and inexpensive to implement.
- What are the disadvantages of a ring topology? A single cable failure can bring down the entire network.
- What is the most common physical topology used in LANs? Star topology.
- What are the benefits of a mesh topology? It provides high reliability and scalability.
- How does a tree topology differ from a star topology? It has multiple layers of hubs or switches.
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