How did the First Crusade start and why?
The First Crusade started in 1095 when Pope Urban II called for a Christian expedition to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims. In 1096, an army of Crusaders gathered in Constantinople. The Crusaders traveled to the Middle East, besieged Jerusalem and captured the city in 1099. They established a crusader state that lasted until 1187.
The First Crusade began for a number of reasons. - Firstly, the Byzantine emperor, Alexius I Comnenus, asked for help from the West in combating the Seljuk Turks, who had conquered much of Anatolia. - Secondly, the papacy was concerned about the growth of Islam and the threats it posed to Christian pilgrims visiting the Holy Land. - Thirdly, many Europeans were motivated by a desire to go on pilgrimage and to fight for the cause of Christianity.
The First Crusade had a profound impact on both Europe and the Middle East. It led to the establishment of a number of crusader states in the Middle East, and it also contributed to the rise of the papacy and the expansion of European influence in the Mediterranean.
Related Questions and Answers
- Who was the pope who called for the First Crusade? Pope Urban II
- What was the goal of the First Crusade? To retake Jerusalem from the Muslims
- When did the First Crusade begin and end? 1095-1099
- What was the name of the crusader state established in Jerusalem? The Kingdom of Jerusalem
- How long did the crusader state in Jerusalem last? Until 1187
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